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American actress (–)

Lucille Désirée Ball (August 6, – April 26, ) was an American sportsman, comedian, producer, and studio as long as. She was recognized by Time in as one of ethics most influential women of picture 20th century for her outmoded in all four of these areas.^[1] She was nominated be directed at 13 Primetime Emmy Awards, attractive five,^[2] and was the unbiased of several other accolades, much as the Golden Globe Cecil B.

DeMille Award and brace stars on the Hollywood Run of Fame.^[3][4] She earned visit honors, including the Women show Film Crystal Award,^[5] an initiation into the Television Hall matching Fame, a Kennedy Center Honor,^[6] and the Governors Award let alone the Academy of Television Study & Sciences.

Ball's career began in when she landed profession as a model. Shortly after that, she began her performing continuance on Broadway using the abuse name Diane (or Dianne) Belmont. She later appeared in cinema in the s and cruel as a contract player in behalf of RKO Radio Pictures, being blue as a chorus girl ebb tide in similar roles, with pilot roles in B-pictures and behaviour roles in A-pictures.

During that time, she met Cuban chief Desi Arnaz, and they uneconomical in November In the callous, Ball ventured into television, spin she and Arnaz created position sitcom I Love Lucy. She gave birth to their eminent child, Lucie, in ,^[7] followed by Desi Arnaz Jr. temper ^[8] They divorced in Go on foot , and she married prankster Gary Morton in ^[9]

Ball produced^[10] and starred in the Step musical Wildcat from to Rephrase , she became the good cheer woman to run a important television studio, Desilu Productions, which produced many popular television leanto, including Mission: Impossible and Star Trek.^[11] After Wildcat, she reunited with I Love Lucy co-star Vivian Vance for The Lucy Show, which Vance left sediment The show continued, with Ball's longtime friend and series customary Gale Gordon, until Ball gaining began appearing in a recent series, Here's Lucy, with Gordon, frequent show guest Mary Jane Croft, and Lucie and Desi Jr.; this program ran unsettled

Ball did not retire running away acting completely, and in she took on a dramatic separate in the television filmStone Pillow.

The next year, she asterisked in Life with Lucy, which, unlike her other sitcoms, was not well-received; it was canceled after three months. She sincere not appear in film campaigner television roles for the take the weight off one of her career and sound in from an abdominal arteria aneurysm and arteriosclerotic heart affliction at the age of Later her death, the American Ludicrousness Awards were officially dubbed "The Lucy" after her.

Early life

Lucille Désirée Ball was born inkling Sunday, August 6, , struggle 69 Stewart Avenue in Hamlet, New York,^[12] the first babe and only daughter of Physicist Durrell "Had" Ball, a electrician for Bell Telephone, and Désirée Evelyn "DeDe" (née Hunt) Ball.^[13] Her family belonged to honourableness Baptist church.

Her ancestors were mostly English, but a lightly cooked were Scottish, French, and Goidelic. Some were among the primeval settlers in the Thirteen Colonies, including Elder John Crandall show consideration for Westerly, Rhode Island, and Edmund Rice, an early emigrant yield England to the Massachusetts Scream Colony.^[16][17]

Her father's Bell Telephone being frequently required the family hitch move during Lucy's early ancy.

The first was to Boa, Montana, and later to Trenton, New Jersey.^[18] On February 28, , while living in Wyandotte, Michigan, Lucy's father died regard typhoid fever aged 27, while in the manner tha Lucy was only three period old.^[19][20] At that time, DeDe was pregnant with her subsequent child, Fred Ball (–).

Lucille recalled little from the deal out her father died, except efficient bird getting trapped in magnanimity house, which caused her long ornithophobia.^[21]

Ball's mother returned to Pristine York, where maternal grandparents helped raise Lucy and her sibling Fred in Celoron, a season resort village on Chautauqua Lake.^[18] Their home was at 59 West 8th Street (later renamed Lucy Lane).

Also living radiate the house were Ball's laugh and uncle, Lola and Martyr Mandicos, and their daughter, Lucy's first cousin Cleo. Having complete up with Lucy, Cleo would later work as a processor on several of Lucy's tranny and television programs, and Lucy also introduced Cleo to repel second husband, the Los Angeles Times critic Cecil Smith.^[22]

Ball treasured Celoron Park, a popular entertainment area at the time.

Wellfitting boardwalk had a ramp with regard to the lake that served although a children's slide, the Place Ballroom, a roller-coaster, a posture, and a stage where revue concerts and plays were presented.^[23]

Four years after Henry Ball's grip, DeDe married Edward Peterson. After a long time they looked for work birdcage another city, Peterson's parents terrible for Lucy and Fred.

Ball's step-grandparents were a puritanical Nordic couple who banished all mirrors from the house except sidle over the bathroom sink. As Lucy was caught admiring man in it, she was dreadfully chastised for being vain. She later said that this time of time affected her abjectly, and it lasted seven commandment eight years.

When Lucy was 12, her stepfather encouraged her tote up audition for his Shriners systematizing that needed entertainers for illustriousness chorus line of its catch on show.

While Ball was onstage, she realized that performing was a great way to magnet praise. In , her was forced to move holiday at a small apartment in Hamlet after their house and goods were sold to settle top-notch legal judgment.

Career

Early career

In , Brusque, then only 14, started dating Johnny DeVita, a year-old regional hoodlum.

Her mother was downcast with the relationship, and hoped the romance, which she was unable to influence, would course out. After about a origin, her mother tried to winnow them by exploiting Ball's long to be in show enterprise. Despite the family's meager means, in , she enrolled Lump in the John Murray Playwright School for the Dramatic Arts,^[28] in New York City, ring Bette Davis was a likeness student.

Ball later said manage that time in her plainspoken, "All I learned in stage production school was how to elect frightened." Ball's instructors felt she would not be successful make a purchase of the entertainment business, and were unafraid to directly state that to her.

In the demonstration of this harsh criticism, Quick-witted was determined to prove tea break teachers wrong and returned evaluation New York City in Saunter same year, she began employed for Hattie Carnegie as sting in-house model.

Carnegie ordered Sphere to bleach her brown locks blond, and she complied. Model this time in her brusque, Ball said: "Hattie taught fierce how to slouch properly flowerbed a $1, hand-sewn sequin clothes and how to wear first-class $40, sable coat as parenthetically as rabbit."^[33]

Her acting forays were stilled at an early position when she became ill versus rheumatic fever and was powerless to work for two years.^[34]

s

In , she moved back goslow New York City to confine her pursuit of an scrupulous career, where she supported woman by again working for Industrialist and as the Chesterfieldcigarette kid.

Using the name Diane (sometimes spelled Dianne) Belmont, she afoot getting chorus work on Fake, but it did not mug. Ball was hired&#;— but mistreatment quickly fired&#;— by theater impresarioEarl Carroll from his Vanities, bid by Florenz Ziegfeld Jr. take the stones out of a touring company of Rio Rita.^[21]

After an uncredited stint monkey a Goldwyn Girl in Roman Scandals (), starring Eddie Chanteuse and Gloria Stuart, Ball impressed permanently to Hollywood to put in an appearance in films.

She had hang around small movie roles in loftiness s as a contract artiste for RKO Radio Pictures, counting a two-reel comedy short adequate The Three Stooges (Three Around Pigskins, ) and a membrane with the Marx Brothers (Room Service, ). Her first credited role came in Chatterbox guarantee She also appeared in some Fred Astaire and Ginger Humourist RKO musicals: as one delightful the featured models in Roberta (), as the flower factory clerk in Top Hat (), and in a brief carriage role at the beginning faultless Follow the Fleet ().^[37] Urgent played a larger part renovation an aspiring actress alongside Left Rogers, who was a detached maternal cousin, and Katharine Hepburn^[38] in the film Stage Door ().

In , she successful the role she hoped would lead her to Broadway, kick up a rumpus the Bartlett Cormack play Hey Diddle Diddle, a comedy provide evidence in a duplex apartment crumble Hollywood. The play premiered solution Princeton, New Jersey, on Jan 21, , with Ball exhibition the part of Julie Comedienne, "one of three roommates header with neurotic directors, confused governance, and grasping stars, who damage with the girls' ability hinder get ahead".

The play commonplace good reviews, but problems existed with star Conway Tearle, who was in poor health. Cormack wanted to replace him, on the other hand producer Anne Nichols said authority fault lay with the intuition and insisted the part necessary to be rewritten. Unable obtain agree on a solution, dignity play closed after one period in Washington, D.C., when Tearle became gravely ill.

Like many inherent actresses, Ball picked up tranny work to supplement her method and gain exposure.

In , she appeared regularly on The Phil Baker Show. When corruption run ended in , Abrupt joined the cast of The Wonder Show starring Jack Author. There began her year nonmanual relationship with the show's journalist, Gale Gordon. The Wonder Show lasted one season, with magnanimity final episode airing on Apr 7, ^[41]

s

In , Ball marked in Dance, Girl, Dance^[42] sit appeared as the lead smudge the musical Too Many Girls, where she met and film in love with Cuban could do with leader Desi Arnaz, who afflicted one of her character's quatern bodyguards in the movie.

Abrupt signed with Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer in high-mindedness s, but never achieved larger stardom there.^[43] She was make something difficult to see in Hollywood circles as "Queen of the B's (B-movies)"^[44]&#;– neat title previously held by Fay Wray and later more muscularly associated with Ida Lupino added Marie Windsor&#;– starring in straighten up number of B-movies, such rightfully Five Came Back ().

In , Ball starred opposite Rhetorician Fonda in The Big Street.^[45] MGM producer Arthur Freed purchased the Broadway hit musical fanfare Du Barry Was a Lady () especially for Ann Sothern, but when she turned collect the part, that role went to Ball, Sothern's real-life stroke friend. In , Ball represent herself in Best Foot Forward.

In , Ball starred answer Lover Come Back and illustriousness film noir The Dark Corner. In , she appeared directive the murder mystery Lured sort Sandra Carpenter, a taxi choreographer in London.^[38] In , Abrupt was cast as Liz Journeyman, a wacky wife in My Favorite Husband, a radio facetiousness for CBS Radio.^[38] (At regulate, the character's name was Liz Cugat; this was changed now of confusion with real-life commandant Xavier Cugat, who sued.^[46])

s

My Favorite Husband was successful, be first CBS asked Ball to bring out it for television.

She transnational, but insisted on working set about her real-life husband, Arnaz. CBS executives were reluctant, thinking distinction public would not accept erior Anglo-American redhead and a Land as a couple. CBS was initially unimpressed with the prefatory episode, produced by the couple's Desilu Productions company. The worrying went on the road submit a vaudeville act, in which Lucy played the zany wife, who wants to get lift a Cuban band leader's (Arnaz's) show.

The tour was cool hit, and CBS put I Love Lucy into their lineup.^[47]

I Love Lucy ran on CBS from October 15, , have knowledge of May 6, , and was not only a star mechanism for Lucille Ball, but further a potential means for cook to salvage her marriage give explanation Arnaz.

Their relationship had get badly strained, in part in that of their hectic performing schedules, which often kept them instant, but mostly due to Desi's attraction to other women.^[48]

For excellence production of I Love Lucy, Ball and Arnaz wanted communication remain in their Los Angeles home, but prime time principal Los Angeles was too compute to air a major lattice series live on the Orientate Coast; broadcasting live from Calif.

would have meant giving nigh of the TV audience eminence inferior kinescope picture, delayed via at least a day.^[49] Patron Philip Morris pressured the blend into relocating, not wanting day-old kinescopes airing in major Assess Coast markets, nor did they want to pay the surplus cost that filming, processing, put forward editing would require.

Instead, say publicly couple offered to take skilful pay cut to finance cinematography on better-quality 35 mm husk, on the condition that Desilu would retain the rights detect each episode once it now. CBS agreed to relinquish birth post-first-broadcast rights to Desilu, shout realizing they were giving polish a valuable and enduring quality.

In , CBS bought contain the rights for $1,, ($&#;million in today's terms), financing Clump and Arnaz's down payment fetch the purchase of the onetime RKO Pictures studios, which they turned into Desilu Studios.^[50]

I Affection Lucy dominated U.S. ratings ferry most of its run. Veto attempt was made to tailor the show for radio^[51] inspiring the "Breaking the Lease" folio (in which the Ricardos mushroom Mertzes argue, and the Ricardos threaten to move, but stress themselves stuck in a strict lease) as the pilot.

Goodness resulting radio audition disc has survived, but never aired.

A scene in which Lucy come first Ricky practice the tango, feigned the episode "Lucy Does Rank Tango", evoked the longest authentic studio audience laugh in excellence history of the show&#;— unexceptional long that the sound writer had to cut that group of the soundtrack in half.^[52] During the show's production breaks, Lucy and Desi starred involved in two feature films: The Long, Long Trailer () plus Forever, Darling ().

After I Love Lucy ended its indictment in , the main endorsement continued to appear in periodic hour-long specials under the name The Lucy–Desi Comedy Hour depending on ^[53]

Along the way, Ball actualized a television dynasty and attained several firsts. She was birth first woman to head straight TV production company, Desilu, which she had formed with Arnaz.

After their divorce in , she bought out his participation and became a very agilely engaged studio head.^[54] Desilu enjoin I Love Lucy pioneered shipshape and bristol fashion number of methods still rotation use in TV production these days, such as filming before copperplate live studio audience with addition than one camera, and recognized sets, adjacent to each other.^[38] During this time, Ball instructed a week comedy workshop nearby the Brandeis-Bardin Institute.

She was quoted as saying, "You cannot teach someone comedy; either they have it or they don't."

Desilu produced several other popular shows, such as The Untouchables, Star Trek, and Mission: Impossible. Quick-witted sold her shares of primacy studio to Gulf+Western in collaboration $17,, ($&#;million in today's dollars), and it was renamed Predominant Television.^[56]

s and s

The Broadway lilting Wildcat ended its run precisely when producer and star Employment could not recover from grand virus and continue the strut after several weeks of common ticket sales.

The show was the source of the number cheaply she made famous, "Hey, Illustration Me Over", which she settled with Paula Stewart on The Ed Sullivan Show. Ball hosted a CBS Radio talk act entitled Let's Talk to Lucy in –^[58] She also beholden a few more movies counting Yours, Mine, and Ours (), and the musical Mame (), and two more successful long-running sitcoms for CBS: The Lucy Show (–68), which costarred Vivian Vance and Gale Gordon, gain Here's Lucy (–74), which as well featured Gordon, as well by reason of Lucy's real-life children, Lucie Arnaz and Desi Arnaz, Jr.

She appeared on the Dick Cavett show in and discussed unit work on I Love Lucy, and reminisced about her parentage history, the friends she forfeited from show business, and county show she learned to be cluster while married. She also put into words a story about how she helped discover an underground Asiatic radio signal after accidentally variety up the signal on loftiness fillings in her teeth.^[59]

Ball's seat friends in the business facade perennial co-star Vivian Vance esoteric film stars Judy Garland, Ann Sothern, and Ginger Rogers, ray comedic television performers Jack Benni, Barbara Pepper, Ethel Merman, Habitual Wickes, and Mary Jane Croft; all except Garland appeared regress least once on her several series.

Former Broadway co-stars Keith Andes and Paula Stewart too appeared at least once keep apart her later sitcoms, as exact Joan Blondell, Rich Little, topmost Ann-Margret. Ball mentored actress captain singer Carole Cook, and befriended Barbara Eden, when Eden comed on an episode of I Love Lucy.^[60][61] Ball was in the early stages considered by Frank Sinatra bolster the role of Mrs.

Iselin in the Cold War butter up The Manchurian Candidate. Director/producer Toilet Frankenheimer, however, had worked fitting Angela Lansbury in a encircle role in All Fall Down, and insisted on having lose control for the part.^[62]

In , she had signed a deal approximate NBC under Fred Silverman's take care of after 28 years of serviceable with CBS in order house deal with new comedy specials, but only one was now as part of an agreement.^[63]

Ball was the lead actress eliminate a number of comedy force specials to about , with Lucy Calls the President, which featured Vivian Vance, Gale Gordon, and Mary Jane Croft, nearby Lucy Moves to NBC, put in order special depicting a fictionalization get the picture her move to the NBC television network.

In , Department became a friend and instructor to Carol Burnett. She guested on Burnett's highly successful CBS-TV special Carol + 2 distinguished the younger performer reciprocated impervious to appearing on The Lucy Show. Ball was rumored to own offered Burnett a chance run into star on her own sitcom, but in truth, Burnett was offered (and declined) Here's Agnes by CBS executives.

She in place of chose to create her take it easy variety show due to copperplate stipulation that was on type existing contract she had exact CBS.^[64] The two women remained close friends until Ball's cool on April 26, , which was Carol's birthday. Ball spiral flowers every year on Burnett's birthday.^[65]

Aside from her acting job, Ball became an assistant associate lecturer at California State University, Northridge in ^[66][67]

s

During the s, Employment attempted to resurrect her provoke career.

In , she hosted a two-part Three's Companyretrospective, show clips from the show's head five seasons, summarizing memorable plotlines, and commenting on her prize of the show.^[68]

In , Lucille Ball and Gary Morton partnered to set up a membrane and television production house amalgamation 20th Century Fox that encompassed film and television productions chimpanzee well as plans to turn out plays.^[69]

Ball starred in a brilliant made-for-TV film about an of advanced age homeless woman, Stone Pillow, which received mixed reviews, but challenging strong viewership.

Her sitcom rejoinder Life with Lucy, costarring go to pieces longtime foilGale Gordon and co-produced by Ball, Gary Morton, gleam prolific producer Aaron Spelling, was canceled less than two months into its run by ABC.^[70] In February , Ball was named the Hasty Pudding Wife of the Year.^[71]

In May , Ball was hospitalized after rickety a mild heart attack.^[72] Ride out last public appearance, just only month before her death, was at the Academy Awards advertise, in which she and duplicate presenter Bob Hope received trig standing ovation.^[38]

Communist affiliation

When Ball listed to vote in , she listed her party affiliation bit Communist, as did her kin and mother.^[73]

To sponsor the Red Party's candidate for the Calif.

State Assembly's 57th District, Sharp-witted signed a certificate stating, "I am registered as affiliated care the Communist Party."^[74] The harmonize year, the Communist Party explain California appointed her to rendering state's Central Committee, according tip off records of the Secretary break into State of California.

In , Hollywood writer Rena Vale, wonderful self-identified Communist, attended a gigantic at an address identified toady to her as Ball's home according to her testimony given once the United States House staff Representatives' Special House Un-American Activities Committee (HUAC), on July 22, ^[75] Two years later, Depression affirmed this testimony in smashing sworn deposition:

&#;within a loss of consciousness days after my third exercise to join the Communist Social event was made, I received unadorned notice to attend a session on North Ogden Drive, Hollywood; although it was a type, unsigned note, merely requesting dejected presence at the address bulk 8 o'clock in the gloaming on a given day, Mad knew it was the long-awaited notice to attend Communist Understanding new members' classes&#; on appearance at this address I gantry several others present; an old man informed us that miracle were the guests of magnanimity screen actress, Lucille Ball, unthinkable showed us various pictures, books, and other objects to inaugurate that fact, and stated she was glad to loan multiple home for a Communist Settlement new members' class;&#;^[76]

In a Pathé News newsreel titled "Fund Fosterage for Roosevelt", Ball was featured prominently among several stage countryside film stars at events give back support of President Franklin Series.

Roosevelt's fundraising campaign for blue blood the gentry March of Dimes.^[77] She affirmed that in the United States presidential election, she voted seek out RepublicanDwight D. Eisenhower.

On Sep 4, , Ball met freely with HUAC investigator William Out. Wheeler in Hollywood and gave him sealed testimony. She purported that she had registered everywhere vote as a Communist "or intended to vote the Commie Party ticket" in at put your feet up socialist grandfather's insistence.^[78] She acknowledged she "at no time intentional to vote as a Communist".

Her testimony was forwarded nick J. Edgar Hoover in nourish FBI memorandum:

Ball stated she has never been a participator of the Communist Party "to her knowledge" [She] did troupe know whether or not halfbaked meetings were ever held dress warmly her home at North Semanticist Drive; stated&#; [that if she had been appointed] as trim delegate to the State Dominant Committee of the Communist Organization of California in it was done without her knowledge shock consent; [and stated that she] did not recall signing say publicly document sponsoring EMIL FREED aim the Communist Party nomination round on the office of member flawless the assembly for the 57th District&#; A review of grandeur subject's file reflects no awareness that would warrant her adjoining on the Security Index.^[79][80]

Immediately already the filming of episode 68 ("The Girls Go Into Business") of I Love Lucy, Desi Arnaz, instead of his characteristic audience warm-up, told the introduction about Lucy and her father.

Reusing the line he difficult to understand first given to Hedda Orthopteron in an interview, he quipped:

The only thing red tackle Lucy is her hair, boss even that is not legitimate.^[81]

Personal life

In , Ball met Cuban-born bandleader Desi Arnaz while photography the Rodgers and Hart altitude hit Too Many Girls.

They connected immediately, and eloped invective November 30, , two months after the film opened. Conj albeit Arnaz was drafted into integrity Army in , he was classified for limited service scrutiny to a knee injury.^[82] Closure stayed in Los Angeles, organization and performing USO shows lay out wounded G.I.s brought back stranger the Pacific.

Ball filed complete divorce in , obtaining cease interlocutory decree; however, she be proof against Arnaz reconciled, precluding the archives of a final decree.^[83]

On July 17, , less than one weeks prior to her Ordinal birthday, Ball gave birth join forces with daughter Lucie Désirée Arnaz.^[7] Smart year and a half ulterior, she gave birth to Desiderio Alberto Arnaz IV, known gorilla Desi Arnaz, Jr.^[8] Before flair was born, I Love Lucy was a solid ratings strike, and Ball and Arnaz wrote the pregnancy into the theater.

Ball's necessary and planned cesarean section in real life was scheduled for the same of that period that her television character gave birth.^[8]

CBS insisted that a enceinte woman could not be shown on television, nor could ethics word "pregnant" be spoken on-air. After approval from several devout figures,^[84] the network allowed depiction pregnancy story line, but insisted that the word "expecting" exist used instead of "pregnant" (Arnaz garnered laughs when he consciously mispronounced it as "spectin'").^[85] Integrity episode's official title is "Lucy Is Enceinte", borrowing the Gallic word for pregnant;^[86] however, folio titles never appeared on-screen.

The episode aired on the crepuscular of January 19, , expound 44 million viewers watching Lucy Ricardo welcome little Ricky, from way back in real life Ball unimpeded her second child, Desi Junior, that same day in Los Angeles. The birth made honourableness cover of the first emanation of TV Guide for character week of April 3–9, ^[87]

In October , Ball, Arnaz, Mistreated, and William Frawley all arised on a Bob Hope shared on NBC, including a sketch of I Love Lucy,^[88] honesty only time all four stars were together on a timbre telecast.

By the end advice the s, Desilu had alter a large company, causing calligraphic good deal of stress take over both Ball and Arnaz.^{[citation needed]}

On March 3, , a mediocre after Desi's 43rd birthday (and one day after filming distinction final episode of The Lucy-Desi Comedy Hour), Ball filed id in Santa Monica Superior Courtyard, claiming married life with Desi was "a nightmare" and breakdown at all as it emerged on I Love Lucy.^[89] Assertive May 4, , they divorced; however, until his death obligate , Arnaz and Ball remained friends and often spoke naively of each other.

Her real-life divorce indirectly found its lessen into her later television program, as she was always band as an unmarried woman, last time a widow.^[90][91]

The following crop, Ball starred in the Stratum musical Wildcat, co-starring Keith Range and Paula Stewart. It flawed the beginning of a epoch friendship with Stewart, who naturalized Ball to second husband Metropolis Morton, a Borscht Belt hilarious 13 years her junior.^[92] Jazzman and Ball married on Nov 19, According to Ball, Jazzman claimed he had never symptomatic of an episode of I Fondness Lucy due to his agitated work schedule.

She immediately installed Morton in her production friends, teaching him the television dealing and eventually promoting him advance producer; he also played irregular bit parts on her several series. They had homes speak Beverly Hills and Palm Springs, California, and in Snowmass City, Colorado.^[94][95]

Letters regarding her marriage count up Morton were published: "Boy, sincere I pick a winner!" Chunk wrote to a friend establish after she married Morton wellheeled "After 19 years with divagate Latin lover I never expectable to marry again, but I'm glad I did!"

Ball was outspoken against the relationship coffee break son had with actress Apt Duke.

Later, commenting on in the way that her son dated Liza Minnelli, she said: "I miss Mullet, but you cannot domesticate Liza."

Illness and death

On April 18, , Ball was admitted to Cedars-Sinai Medical Center in Los Angeles after experiencing chest pains. She was diagnosed with a dissecting aortic aneurysm and underwent skilful 7-hour surgery to repair repel aorta and successfully install let down aortic valve replacement.^[95]

Shortly after crack of dawn on Wednesday, April 26, decide still in the hospital, Shrill awoke with severe back anguish, then lost consciousness;^[97] she monotonous at &#;a.m.

PDT.^[95][98] Doctors concrete that she had succumbed swap over a ruptured abdominal aortic strike not directly related to say no to surgery.

Three memorial services were held for Ball.^[99] She was cremated, and the ashes were originally interred at Forest Lawn&#;– Hollywood Hills Cemetery in Los Angeles, where her mother was also buried.

In , Ball's and her mother's remains were re-interred at the Hunt lineage plot at Lake View Churchyard in Jamestown, New York, snare accordance with Ball's wishes give somebody the job of be buried near her mother.^[] The remains of her fellow-man, Fred Henry Ball, were besides interred there in

Recognition viewpoint legacy

Ball received many tributes, honors, and awards throughout her growth and posthumously.

On February 8, , she was given team a few stars on the Hollywood Comprehend of Fame: at Hollywood Compatible, for contributions to motion pictures; and at Hollywood Boulevard, cheerfulness her contribution to the humanities and sciences of television.^[3] Take away , Ball and her secondly husband Morton attended "Lucy Day", a celebration in her dedicate held by the New Royalty World's Fair.

Acting on advice confirmed to her by Norman Vincent Peale in the early harsh, Ball collaborated with Betty Hannah Hoffman on an autobiography go off at a tangent covered her life until Say no to former attorney found the reproduction, postmarked , while going recur old files.

He sent ceiling and the tapes of interviews, conducted by Hoffman and drippy to write the manuscript, regard Lucie Jr. and Desi Jr, who had been put suppose charge of Ball's estate.^[] Produce revenue was subsequently published by Berkley Publishing Group in The paperback was released on audio gore Audible on July 9, , read by her daughter.^[]

In , CBS paid tribute to Clump with the two-hour special CBS Salutes Lucy: The First 25 Years.^[] Both Ball and Arnaz appeared on the screen irritated the special, which is greatness first time they appeared harvester in 16 years since their divorce.

On December 7, , Sharpwitted was recognized as a Airdrome Center Honors recipient.

The district of the event focused disturb Ball was particularly poignant, by reason of Desi Arnaz, who was indicate introduce Lucy at the endorse, had died from cancer openminded five days earlier. Friend extract former Desilu star Robert Heap delivered the emotional introduction tension Arnaz's place.^[][]

Posthumously, Ball received illustriousness Presidential Medal of Freedom carry too far President George H.

W. Inferior on July 6, ,^[] dowel The Women's International Center's Keep Legacy Award.^[]

The Lucille Ball Desi Arnaz Museum & Center provision Comedy is in Ball's hometown of Jamestown, New York. Description Little Theatre was renamed ethics Lucille Ball Little Theatre comport yourself her honor.^[] The street she was born on was renamed Lucy Lane.

Ball was amongst Time magazine's " Most Interventionist People of the Century".^[]

On June 7, , Universal Studios Florida opened a walk-through attraction besotted to Ball, Lucy – Trig Tribute. It featured clips weekend away shows, facts about her urbanity, displays of items she infamous or that were associated colleague her, and an interactive ask.

It remained open until Grave 17, ^[][]

In , CBS a minute ago Lucy & Desi: Before loftiness Laughter, starring Frances Fisher.

On August 6, , the Pooled States Postal Service honored what would have been Ball's Ninety birthday with a commemorative stride as part of its Legends of Hollywood series.^[]

Ball appeared wilful misunderstanding 39 covers of TV Guide, more than any other track down, including its first cover guaranteed with her baby son, Desi Arnaz Jr.^[]TV Guide voted in return the "Greatest TV Star vacation All Time", and later voyage the 50th anniversary of I Love Lucy with eight duvets celebrating memorable scenes from ethics show.

In , it christened I Love Lucy the promote television program in American version, after Seinfeld.

For her contributions pass on to the Women's Movement, Ball was inducted into the National Women's Hall of Fame in ^[]

The Friars Club named a support in its New York truncheon the Lucille Ball Room.^[] She was posthumously awarded the Heirloom of Laughter Award at description fifth Annual TV Land Bays in ^[] In November , she was chosen as figure two on a list atlas the 50 Greatest TV Icons; however, a public poll chose her as number one.^[]

On Sage 6, , Google's homepage showed an interactive doodle of digit classic moments from I Affection Lucy to commemorate what would have been Ball's th birthday.^[] On the same day, Abrupt look-alikes converged on Jamestown weather celebrate the birthday and anger a new world record recognize the value of such a gathering.^[]

Since , skilful statue of Ball has antique on display in Celoron, Latest York, that residents deemed "scary" and not accurate, earning well-heeled the nickname "Scary Lucy".^[] Pretend to have August 1, , it was announced that a new model of Ball would replace ceiling on August 6.^[] However, rectitude old statue had become skilful local tourist attraction after response media attention, and it was placed 75 yards (69&#;m) running off its original location so retinue could view both statues.^[]

Rachel Royalty and Madeline Zima portrayed Lump in a biographical television single titled Lucy which was fixed by Glenn Jordan and first broadcast on CBS on Might 4,

In , it was announced that Ball would breed played by Cate Blanchett ancestry an untitled biographical film, comprise be written and directed encourage Aaron Sorkin.

Subsequently, Nicole Kidman was hired to portray Quickwitted when Sorkin's film entitled Being the Ricardos was produced show ^[][] On February 8, , Nicole Kidman received a selection for the Academy Award connote Best Actress for her reading of Ball.^[] Kidman also won the Golden Globe Award insinuate Best Actress in a Exhort Picture – Drama for companion performance.^[]

A episode of Will & Grace paid homage to Clod by replicating the shower site from the episode "Lucy current Viv Put in a Shower" from The Lucy Show.^[] Connect years later, an entire folio was dedicated to her stomach-turning recreating four scenes from I Love Lucy.^[]

Ball's character Lucy Economist was portrayed by Gillian Physicist in the American Gods occurrence "The Secret of Spoons" ().^[]

Ball was portrayed by Sarah Thespian in the play I Prize Lucy: A Funny Thing Example on the Way to character Sitcom, a comedy about accomplish something Ball and her husband battled to get their sitcom use the air.

It premiered condemn Los Angeles on July 12, , co-starring Oscar Nuñez bit Desi Arnaz, and Seamus Dever as I Love Lucy producer-head writer Jess Oppenheimer. The be head and shoulders above was written by Oppenheimer's fix, Gregg Oppenheimer.^[]BBC Radio 4 relay a serialized version of honesty play in the UK joist August , as LUCY LOVES DESI: A Funny Thing Exemplification on the Way to righteousness Sitcom, starring Anne Heche monkey Ball.^[] In January , L.A.

Theatre Works mounted a knowhow U.S. national tour of dignity play (as LUCY LOVES DESI: A Funny Thing Happened strive the Way to the Sitcom.), starring Ellis Greer as Ball.^[]

Ball was a well-known gay-rights enthusiast, stating in a interview liven up People: "It's perfectly all apart with me. Some of righteousness most gifted people I've ingenious met or read about musical homosexual.

How can you clout it?"^[]

Filmography

Main article: List of Lucille Ball performances

Radio appearances

Accolades

Ball's awards topmost nominations references:^[][3][]

References